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The BIOFIRE System and Your Immune System The BIOFIRE System provides syndromic infectious disease testing, empowering healthcare providers to select the appropriate test the first time. Patients benefit from faster diagnosis and more specific treatment. Clinicians benefit from better stewardship of antibiotics. Labs save money and increase efficiency. The BioFire Pneumonia Plus Panel (PN panel) tests native sputum (including mini-BAL), endotracheal lavage, and bronchoalveolar slurries (including mini BAL) for 33 clinically significant pathogens and resistance genes to antimicrobials within one hour. Respiratory The burning of biomass (wood plants, agro-forestry and other organic materials) produces gaseous pollutants as well as fine particulate matter which negatively impact the respiratory system. Climate change can exacerbate the negative effects of forest fires to the health of humans. In the United States wildfire smoke is associated with hospitalizations for respiratory diseases like asthma, COPD, and lung cancer. In addition, this type of air pollution can be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and a significant cause of illness for the most vulnerable population which includes those with lower socioeconomic status (SES). During the COVID-19 epidemic, many communities were exposed to unhealthy levels of air pollution due to wildfires. The public health response has been limited to a public education campaign about managing symptoms. This lack of knowledge is alarming given the evidence of potential health risks resulting from the continual exposure to smoke and other sources of poor air quality. Researchers are now evaluating how to best protect the public's health during future events of this nature. NIH is funding research on this critical public health problem through the BLUE CORAL study as well as its successor, FIRE CORAL. For the first time that a prospective study is conducted, it will assess the long-term effects of exposure to smoke from wildfires or other sources. FIRE CORAL recruits adult participants who are admitted to hospital for COVID-19 index episodes and speak English or Spanish, but are not pregnant. The FIRE CORAL protocol includes a series of in-person assessments objectively measuring the pulmonary function test and lung imaging, as well as functional assessments. Smoke and other particles can trigger or worsen respiratory problems like emphysema COPD and pneumonia. There are a variety of steps that can be taken to avoid or minimize the negative health effects resulting from exposures to smoke, such as avoiding outdoor activities when possible and using the EPA's “N95” mask that is designed to catch fine particles. Smoke can also cause irritation of the eyes and throat, and cause an irritated nose. To lessen the effects, the lungs should be flushed by drinking plenty of water and taking medicines that decrease inflammation, such as corticosteroids. Bloodstream The bloodstream is your first line of defense against germs that invade your system. Dendritic cells, which are special cells, are akin to your fire department's call center; they collect the antigens (molecules that trigger an immune response) from germs that are invading your body and release proteins to signal other white blood cells to come fight them. Circulating total white blood cells, differentials, and band cells were increased during firefighters' firefighting shifts, and compared to levels after strenuous physical exertion without fire-fighting. Skin Dermatologists were concerned that the smoke and ash of the California wildfires could cause negative effects on the skin of those exposed to them. Maria Wei is a graduate student from University of California, Irvine. She studies how extreme wildfire pollution affects the skin. Her research was published on April 22, 2012 in Scientific Reports. The study by Wei shows that temperature changes of the skin depending on the length of time the body is exposed. It can take as long as two hours for the skin of an individual to reach its “flash point”—the point where it begins to burn and turn ashy. That's why it's important to stay away from the campfire or a fire, and why you should wear protective clothing when you are outdoors during a forest fire, or even on a hot day. Forest fires will continue to happen, despite the precautions taken to stop fires from causing pollution. Wei predicts that as climate change causes forests to burn more, the number of people suffering from wildfires will increase. This means that more people will be required to wear long sleeves, hats and thick moisturizers. It's also important to know that atopic dermatitis (itchy skin) that many people suffer from can be made worse by air pollution from wildfires. bioethanol fireplace insert Fireplaces And Stove says that the particles in smoke can clog up pores, making atopic skin worse. Another issue is that atopic dermatitis can make people more sensitive to UV light, which can also be aggravated by wildfire smoke. This could lead to people seeking out tanning salons to apply a tan with less protection. A fire and ice treatment could help to reduce atopic conditions, but it is not recommended for anyone with an open wound or rash. This treatment is not recommended for people with active acne or if you're pregnant or nursing. The IS Clinical Fire & Ice Facial at Novuskin, Las Vegas' top membership MedSpa offers a thorough result-driven facial that bridges the gap between a light facial and a peel, without having to wait for any downtime. It's designed to smooth skin, improve rosacea and decrease fine lines and acne scarring and encourage cellular regeneration. It's a fantastic treatment to give yourself an energizing glow. Infections The human body is comprised of a complex system of organs and tissue that work together in order to defend us from infections. Infections are caused by microscopic organisms like parasites, viruses, bacteria and fungus that infiltrate healthy cells and cause them to replicate out of control. Your immune system can react by displaying symptoms of illness. The symptoms could range from a runny nose to a stomach that is upset and can also include a fever, swollen lymph glands, or an rash. The type of infection and the location can impact the symptoms. Infections can be spread through a variety of methods however the most common are transmitted from person to person via droplets that remain in the air after coughing or sneezing. This is how bacterial diseases such as tuberculosis, strep and meningococcal illness and viral infections such a common cold and influenza, are transmitted. Some bacteria-related infections, like skin infections and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) like gonorrhea or chlamydia are transmitted by direct contact with infected tissues or mucous membranes as well as indirect contact with surfaces that are contaminated. Some bacterial diseases are transmitted by insects like mosquitoes, ticks or fleas and can be transmitted when they bite you. Viruses and some parasites are small enough to enter your bloodstream and infect your cells, which leads to serious illnesses like the common cold or AIDS. Fungi are responsible for a myriad of skin conditions such as ringworm, athlete's foot, while some are a threat to the lungs and nervous system, like the rabies virus. The BioFire PN Panel uses our innovative FilmArray technology to detect a comprehensive list of pathogens involved in upper respiratory infections in sputum or the bronchoalveolar lavage samples. The kit includes a reagent bag that contains all the chemistry necessary to perform reverse transcription, nested multiplex PCR, and detection in one machine. It's an easy-to-use solution to assist clinicians in identifying syndromic patterns and treat patients suffering from a variety of respiratory symptoms. This test has been given an Emergency Use Authorization. It's available in bioMerieux CLIA medium and high complexity laboratories.